Paiza. Paiza seeds, Kyiv region.

Paiza is known as Chinese millet, Indian millet, flat bread millet. It is a one-year flowering plant from the grass family. It is used as a high-yielding fodder crop. The yield of green mass in areas with sufficient rainfall is superior to any annual fodder grasses, including Sudanese grass. With a high level of agricultural technology, it yields from 400 to 800 t/ha of green mass, and on drained peatlands up to 1000 t/ha in two to three slopes. In general, paiza is an almost ideal crop for peatlands, which determined its wide distribution in these areas in Soviet times. It was used as green fodder, hay and even forsilage. Paiza was widely used and the grain from which groats were obtained, which differed little from millet. Grain played a special role in feeding birds, even now the best mixtures for decorative birds include paiza, and in its pure form it is a favorite delicacy.
Paiza is very common in China, India and Japan. There it is grown as a bread food crop from which many traditional dishes are made. Large areas are also located in the USA.
Paiza is a moisture-loving culture, but it tolerates drought well at the beginning of the growing season. Minimum germination temperatureseeds 10-12 degrees, seedlings die from the slightest frost.
Paiza is less demanding on soils than other cereals, it does well on chernozems, gray podzolized and podzolic soils, but gives the highest yields on alluvial and peat soils.
A negative biological feature of paiza, as well as other productive crops, is very slow growth at the beginning of the growing season - in the first 3-4 weeks, especially when the spring is dry and cold. In warm and humid weather, this period (slowed growth) lasts only a few days. Paiza is a light-loving short-day plant. Its vegetation period is 100-130 days, including from germination to throwing out panicles in early varieties - 40-45 days and late varieties - 65-75 days. A valuable biological feature of paiza is the good growth of otava. Under favorable growing conditions, it gives 2-3 slopes.(//tractor-service.com)
Paiza sowing is started at a soil temperature of 12-14°, when there is a moment of frost. When growing paiza for green fodder in the forest-steppe areas of Ukraine, sowing begins in the first - second decade of May, and ends in early June.
When growing paiza for green fodder, it is sown in 2-3 seasons with intervals of approximately 10-15 days between them in a continuous row method with a seed sowing rate of 12-15 kg/ha.
Paiza grain is sown at the beginning of May so that it reaches the autumn frosts. The width of the rows is 45-70 cm, the sowing rate is 5-6 kg/ha. Seeds are wrapped to a depth of 2-3 cm. When the top layer of soil dries out, the depth of seed wrapping is increased to 4 cm. To improve the conditions for seed germination and to obtain friendly seedlings, the crops are rolled.
The crop is harvested for green fodder and hay before the panicles are thrown out, for silage when the grain is milky. For better growth of otava, paiza is mowed at a height of 10 cm, after mowing, the area is harrowed.
With low mowing, the growth of paisa occurs only as a result of additional weeding.
It is harvested for grain during the browning of most of the panicle in the phase of waxy seed maturity. The slightest delay in harvesting leads to large losses due to seed shedding. Seeds are stored at a humidity of 14-15%. The yield of paiza grain is 30-50 t/ha.